| 1 | = Pile-up implementation in Delphes = |
| 2 | |
| 3 | Multiple particle interactions per bunch-crossing are now implemented in Delphes. The procedure is divided in two main parts: |
| 4 | |
| 5 | * mixing pile-up events with the main interaction |
| 6 | * pile-up subtraction with the fast jet area method |
| 7 | |
| 8 | == Mixing pile-up == |
| 9 | |
| 10 | The mixing procedure is done via the PileUpMerger module. The user can specify 4 parameters: PileUpFile, MeanPileUp, ZVertexWidth, ZVertexResolution. |
| 11 | |
| 12 | *PileUpFile: |
| 13 | |
| 14 | the event sample containing pile-up events in binary format. This format allows for faster random event access compared to root trees. Basic information about the event is contained (particle 4-momenta, vertex position, and Particle ID) |
| 15 | |
| 16 | This sample has to be generated in advance with an event generator (typically Pythia6/8 or HERWIG) and then converted into binary format. |
| 17 | |
| 18 | * MeanPileUp: |
| 19 | |
| 20 | the average amount of pile-up events per bunch-crossing. For each hard scattering, N pile-up events will be randomly chosen from the PileUp file, where N is a random number following Poisson statistics with a mean MeanPileUp. |
| 21 | |
| 22 | *ZVertexWidth: |
| 23 | |
| 24 | Pile-up events randomly populate the z-axis. The position of each pile-up event is generated from a gaussian distribution with a standard deviation ZveterxWidth. |
| 25 | |
| 26 | *ZVertexResolution |
| 27 | |
| 28 | For |z|< ZVertexResolution the hard interaction vertex cannot be distinguished from pile-up vertices. For such pile-up events both charged and neutrals are then merged in the event (no charged particle subtraction). |
| 29 | For |z|> ZVertexResolution the hard interaction vertex can be distinguished from pile-up vertices. For such pile-up events only neutrals are merged in the event (total charged particle subtraction), which assumes perfect vertex resolution and efficiency. |
| 30 | |
| 31 | == Pile-up contamination == |
| 32 | |
| 33 | The density (in GeV/A) of pile-up contamination (rho) per event is computed within the FastJetFinder module if the following parameters are defined: |
| 34 | |
| 35 | {{{ |
| 36 | set ComputeRho true |
| 37 | set OutputArrayRho rho |
| 38 | }}} |
| 39 | |
| 40 | The method for the area calculation can also be specified (active area, passive area, Voronoi …) via the parameter AreaAlgorithm. |
| 41 | |
| 42 | == Pile-up subtraction == |
| 43 | |
| 44 | Since charged particle have already been subtracted to some extent, pile-up contamination only affects the jet energy resolution and the lepton and photon isolations. |
| 45 | |
| 46 | * Jet pile-up subtraction is done via the JetPileUpSubtractor module that takes as input the jet collection and rho: |
| 47 | |
| 48 | {{{ |
| 49 | set JetInputArray FastJetFinder/jets |
| 50 | set RhoInputArray rho |
| 51 | }}} |
| 52 | |
| 53 | * Isolation subtraction is done inside the Isolation module itself just by adding the line in the delphes card: |
| 54 | |
| 55 | {{{ |
| 56 | set RhoInputArray rho |
| 57 | }}} |
| 58 | |
| 59 | |
| 60 | |
| 61 | = Running Delphes with Pile-Up = |
| 62 | |
| 63 | |
| 64 | |