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            |  | 3 | == Minimal Universal Extra Dimensions (MUED) == | 
          
            |  | 4 | === Author === | 
          
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            |  | 6 | Priscila de Aquino | 
          
            |  | 7 | * Katholieke Universiteit Leuven & Universite Catholique de Louvain - CP3 | 
          
            |  | 8 | * priscila@itf.fys.kuleuven.be | 
          
            |  | 9 | === Description of the model & references === | 
          
            |  | 10 |  | 
          
            |  | 11 | One popular aproach to solve the Hierarchy Problem of the Standard Model is to extend space-time to higher dimensions. In this framework, the usual four-dimensional space-time is contained in a four-dimensional brane embedded in a large structure with N additional dimensions, the bulk. | 
          
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            |  | 13 | Here, we shall focus on the Universal Extra Dimensional theory, in which the usual Standard Model particles are free to propagate in the bulk. As a consequence, these particles will be seem on the effective theory as a tower of N 4-dimensional particles with the same quantum numbers, but with increasing masses. This is called the Kaluza-Klein tower. Momentum conservation in the 5-dimensional space-time generates a conserved Kaluza-Klein number, which implies that different Kaluza-Klein modes can not mix with eachother. | 
          
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            |  | 15 | In this implementation, a theory with five dimensions is considered, in which the fifth dimension is spatial and compactified on a S1/Z2 orbifold of radius R. We start from the most general five-dimensional Lagrangian. FeynRules derives the four-dimensional lagrangian automatically by imposing dimensional reduction and integratig out the extra-coordinate y. | 
          
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            |  | 17 | The minimal Universal extra dimensional model is given in: | 
          
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            |  | 19 | * [http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PRD/v66/i5/e056006 Physical Review D 66 (2002) 056006]: H-C. Cheng, K.T. Matchev, M. Schmaltz, ''Bosonic Supersymmetry? Getting fooled at the LHC.'' | 
          
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            |  | 21 | This implementation was based in another existing implementation in ''CalcHEP'': | 
          
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            |  | 23 | * [http://home.fnal.gov/~kckong/mued/mued.ps mued.ps]: A. Datta, K. Kong, K. T. Matchev, ''Minimal Universal Extra Dimensions in'' CalcHEP ''/CompHEP.'' | 
          
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            |  | 25 | The masses of Kaluza-Klein particles are computed via 1 loop: | 
          
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            |  | 27 | * [http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PRD/v66/i3/e036005 Physical Review D 66 (2002) 036005]: H.-C. Cheng, K. T. Matchev, M. Schmaltz, ''Radiative Corrections to Kaluza-Klein Masses.'' | 
          
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            |  | 29 | === Model files & extensions === | 
          
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            |  | 31 | '''The MUED implementation:''' | 
          
            |  | 32 | * Main FeynRules files (as a tar-ball): [attachment:MUED.tar.gz MUED.tar.gz]. | 
          
            |  | 33 | * Run mued.fr. This is the main file. All the other files are called by this main file. | 
          
            |  | 34 | * Example of a Mathematica® notebook loading the model and the parameters: [attachment:MUED.nb MUED.nb]. | 
          
            |  | 35 | === Instructions === | 
          
            |  | 36 |  | 
          
            |  | 37 | The MUED is implemented in '''unitary gauge'''. | 
          
            |  | 38 | * The switch <font color="saddlebrown" class="WYSIWYG_COLOR">FeynmanGauge</font> (future devlopments) must thus be set to <font color="saddlebrown" class="WYSIWYG_COLOR">False</font>, | 
          
            |  | 39 | * To run it in !CalcHEP the switch <font color="saddlebrown" class="WYSIWYG_COLOR">FeynmanGauge</font> must be set to <font color="saddlebrown" class="WYSIWYG_COLOR">True</font> when asking the !CalcHEP output, and then to <font color="saddlebrown" class="WYSIWYG_COLOR">False</font> before any run. | 
          
            |  | 40 | * In !MadGraph, the maximal number of particles must be increased to run the model: | 
          
            |  | 41 | * Increase the value of {{{max_particles}}} in {{{params.inc}}} in the {{{MadGraphII}}} directory from =2*'''7-1= to =2'''*8-1= | 
          
            |  | 42 | * Remove all excecutables in the {{{MadGraphII}}} directory ( =rm -rf *.o=). | 
          
            |  | 43 | * recompile !MadGraph by typing {{{make}}} in the !MadGraph main directory. | 
          
            |  | 44 |  | 
          
            |  | 45 | === Validation === | 
          
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            |  | 47 | In order to validate our implementation, we have checked 118 processes using a center-of-mass energy of 1400 GeV. It was done the following way: | 
          
            |  | 48 | * '''Comparison of the built-in Madgraph Standard-Model and FeynRules generated''' '''Madgraph''' '''MUED for Standard Model''' '''processes.''' This comparison was done using squared matrix element at given phase-space points. | 
          
            |  | 49 | * '''Comparison of the existing''' '''CalcHEP''' '''MUED (CH-ST) with the FeynRules generated ones in''' '''CalcHEP''' *,* '''Madgraph''' '''and Sherpa: CH-FR, MG-FR and SH-FR,''' through the calculation of several '''2 → 2''' cross-sections. All the checks performed were conclusive. | 
          
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            |  | 51 | * Validation Table - SM + Fermions (Cross sections given in pb): | 
          
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            |  | 53 | * <img width="824" alt="ValidationMUED.jpg" src="%ATTACHURLPATH%/ValidationMUED.jpg" height="2209" /> | 
          
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            |  | 55 | * Validation Table - Gauge (Cross sections given in pb): | 
          
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            |  | 57 | * <img width="814" alt="ValidationGauge.jpg" src="%ATTACHURLPATH%/ValidationGauge.jpg" height="315" /> | 
          
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            |  | 59 | -- Main.PriscilaAquino - 15 Jun 2009 | 
          
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