== Strong interactions and symmetries ==

=== Lecturers ===

   * Jean-Marc Gerard
   * Fabio Maltoni

=== Abstract ===

This course aims at providing a first introduction to perturbative and non perturbative QCD. The prerequisites include Quantum Field Theory I and II, and Relativistic Quantum Mechanics. The course will be divided in three parts, for a total of 30+10 hours (5+1 ECTS).

=== Program ===

I Part : Non-perturbative aspects and symmetries (J.-M. Gerard)

   * Perturbative vs non-perturbative approaches
   * Chiral symmetry and 1/Nc expansion
   * Effective Lagrangians and current algebra
   * U(1)_A problem and T invariance

II Part : Perturbative QCD (F. Maltoni)

   * Abelian and non-Abelian gauge invariance : formal and heuristic approaches
   * Ghosts and basics on the quantization of gauge theories
   * Feynman rules for QCD. Color algebra and its magic
   * Beta function in QCD : asymptotic freedom
   * e+ e- -> hadrons : LO (and NLO)
   * Infrared safety. Jets.

III Part : Advanced topics in pQCD (G. Soyez)

   * QCD in $e^{+}e^{-}$
      * $e^{+}e^{-}$ -> ''qqg'': QCD divergences and various consequences
      * Event shapes, jets (cone, JADE, $k^t$)
   * QCD in Deep Inelastic Scattering 
      * DIS kinematics, Parton Distribution Functions and Bjorken scaling
      * QCD radiation: scaling violations, factorisation theorem, DGLAP equation
   * QCD at hadronic colliders 
      * PDF uncertainties
      * Drell-Yan and jets at LO
      * Multileg and NLO computations
      * jets

=== References ===

Basics

   * Cross sections and the S-matrix (Section 4.5 of Peskin and Schroeder [P&S])

I Part : Non-perturbative aspects and symmetries

   * [http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9505231 Quantum Chromodynamics], by A.Pich.
   * [http://th-www.if.uj.edu.pl/acta/vol21/pdf/v21p0257.pdf Electroweak interactions of hadrons], Acta Phys. Polon. B21:257-305,1990 J.M. Gerard.
   * [http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~hgeorgi/weak.pdf Weak Interactions], by Howard Georgi.

II Part : Perturbative QCD

   * [attachment:mangano.pdf  Introduction to QCD], by M.L. Mangano.
   * [attachment:nason.pdf  Introduction to QCD], by P. Nason.
   * Section 7.4, Chapters 15 and 16, and Sections 17.1 -> 17.4 of [P&S].

III Part : Advanced topics in PQCD

   * [attachment:gsoyez_epem.pdf QCD in e+e-]
   * [attachment:gsoyez_dis.pdf QCD in Deep Inelastic Scattering]
   * [attachment:gsoyez_pp.pdf QCD at hadronic colliders]
   * [attachment:gsoyez_figs.pdf Additional figures]

=== Exercises ===

I Part

   * A list of exercises can be found [attachment:QCD.pdf here].
   * Take Home Project : 
      * Calculation of the beta function in QCD.
      * Calculation of e+ e- -> hadrons at NLO in dimensional regularization.

II Part

=== QCD Phenomenology at colliders ===

Here is a list of exercises that can be "solved" using Software.MadGraph. To do so register at http://madgraph.hep.uiuc.edu and send an e-mail to F.M. to get running access.

   * [wiki:DeadCone Radiation from heavy quarks]: the dead cone in $e^+e^- \to Q \bar Q g$.
   * [wiki:GluonSpin Spin of the gluon]: Vector vs scalar in the angular correlations of $ e^+ e^- \to$ 4 jets.

   * [https://cp3.irmp.ucl.ac.be/projects/madgraph/wiki/WAsymm Drell-Yan] : Study the rapidity asymmetry at the Tevatron.

   * [wiki:2Jets Jets] : Di-jet kinematics and rates in pp collisions.
   * [wiki:3Jets 3 Jets] : Energy distributions in 3-jet events.

   * [wiki:TopDecaySpinCorrelations  Spin correlations in top decay].
   * [wiki:Tt top production] : $t \bar t$ production, Tevatron vs LHC.

   * [wiki:Tprime t' production] : $t'$ production at the LHC.
   * [wiki:X New resonances]: Discover new resonances at the LHC.