== Parma International School on theoretical Physics 2007 ==

=== MC101 ===

A short introduction to the techniques of Monte Carlo integration. Exercises proposed during lecture
are collected in this Mathematica Notebook:  [attachment:mc101.nb mc101.nb].

=== Exercises ===

    All exercises proposed here can be "solved" or checked with MadGraph / MadEvent.

==== MadGraph prolegomena ====

   * Logon to the MadGraph web site and register. 

   * Familiarize with the code by generating a few processes in QED and QCD trying to guess which diagrams appear. What is the minimum number of jets have to be asked for in $e^+e^-$ collisions so that the triple gauge vertex appear? 

   * Look at the new physics models and check the particle and interactions content.

   * Generate events for a few selected processes and look at the plots:
      * ttbar production with decays: pp>tt~>bb~mu+e-ve~vm
      * VV production: pp>VV> leptons, with V=Z,W.  
      * Single top + Higgs: pp>tHj  (QCD=0, QED=3, j=gudsc,p=gudscb). Show that there is a large negative interference between the diagrams
      
   
==== QCD ====

   * Reference: [http://www.hep.phy.cam.ac.uk/theory/webber/QCDbook.html QCD and Collider Physics] 
      by Keith Ellis, James Stirling, Bryan Webber (Cambridge Monographs, 1996).

   * [wiki:DeadCone Radiation from heavy quarks]:  the dead cone in $e^+e^- \to Q \bar Q g$.
   * [wiki:GluonSpin Spin of the gluon]:  Vector vs scalar in the  angular correlations of $ e^+ e^- \to$ 4 jets.
   * [wiki:2Jets Jets] : Di-jet kinematics and rates in pp collisions. 
   * [wiki:3Jets 3 Jets] : Energy distributions in 3-jet events.
   * [wiki:Tt top production] : $t \bar t$ production, Tevatron vs LHC. 

==== EW ====

   * Reference: Lecture notes on the Standard Model and Book, by [http://www.ge.infn.it/~ridolfi/ Giovanni Ridolfi].

   * [wiki:GammaZ $\gamma Z$ interference] in $e^+e^- \to \mu^+ \mu^-$.
   * [wiki:HiggsLep Higgs at LEP] : the cross section for $e^+e^- \to ZH$ at LEP2.
   * [wiki:WAsymm Drell-Yan]: rapidity asymmetry at the Tevatron and LHC.
   * [wiki:TopDecaySpinCorrelations  Spin correlations in top decay], by [http://www.hep.phy.cam.ac.uk/theory/webber/ Bryan Webber].

==== BSM ====
   * On-line [http://kraml.web.cern.ch/kraml/comparison SUSY LHA file generator]  by Sabine Kraml.
   * Lorenzo Basso's model MadGraph implementation: [attachment:basso.tar.gz basso.tar.gz]

=== LHC Phenomenology ===

   * Analysis routines for LHE and LHCO events: 
      * a Fortran-based package: MadAnalysis ([http://madgraph.phys.ucl.ac.be/cgi-bin/NewProcess/download.cgi Download it here])
      * a Mathematica-based package: [http://www.jthaler.net/olympics/html Chameleon].
   * [wiki:SimpleKinematics Kinematics at the LHC]: single particle quantities.
   * [wiki:DiscoverTheHiggs SM Higgs discovery at the LHC]: Three important channels
   * [wiki:WarmingUpChallenge Simple Black Boxes]: New gauge bosons
 
=== Challenges ===

   * Black Box #1 :  (Signal in various channels. Special trigger here: either at least a lepton or two energetic jets)
      * Events:[attachment:1.lhe.gz Parton Level] 
      * Plots: [attachment:1.lhe.pdf Parton level] 
   * Black Box #2 : (2-lepton trigger stream, ttbar background + signal A and B) 
      * A [attachment:2a.lhco.gz Events]   Plots:   [attachment:2a_lhco.pdf Detector level]    
      * B [attachment:2b.lhco.gz Events]   Plots:   [attachment:2b_lhco.pdf Detector level] 
      * Hint: [http://www.slac.stanford.edu/spires/find/hep/www?eprint=hep-ph/0506187 Here you can find a strategy to follow]
{{{
#!comment
* Black Box #3 : [attachment:C.lhco.gz Events]  Plots:  [attachment:C.pdf Detector level]
}}}

 
-- Main.FabioMaltoni - 04 Sep 2007